Southern Bayberry Myrica cerifera

Wax myrtle is a broadleaf evergreen shrub or tree in the bayberry family (Myricaceae) that may grow 20 to 25 feet tall and 8 to 10 feet wide, but usually is much shorter. Native to the United States from New Jersey to Central America and the Caribbean, it is winter hardy to USDA Zones 7 through 10 but only semi-evergreen in the northern zones.

Wax myrtle is easily grown in average, medium to wet soils in full sun to dappled or partial shade. It even grows in the elusive dry shade. It does best when initially grown with constant moisture, but once established in the landscape it will grow in a wide range of soil conditions ranging from wet swampy areas to dry xeric uplands. Wax myrtle usually requires both male and female plants for good berry production. The shrub tends to sucker, sometimes forming sizable colonies in optimum growing conditions. It is tolerant of high winds, sterile soil and salt spray and may be grown in seaside areas.

Wax myrtle is quite versatile in the landscape. Saline and urban tolerance make it appropriate for confinement within pavement and locations near roads that are salted in winter. It is an interesting plant for grouping in the corner of a large herb, native, winter, children’s, butterfly or pollinator garden. It is also a good selection for stream or pond margins where periodic flooding or drought may occur or on a bank for erosion control. Use it as a barrier, privacy hedge or attractive small tree with lower limbs removed. The plant can be pruned, but keep in mind that next season's fruit will appear on old growth.

Fire Risk: These shrubs are considered to be potential fire hazards in some areas because the leaves, stems and branches contain flammable aromatic compounds. Because of this, they should not be planted within the defensible space of your home. Select plants with a low flammability rating for the sites nearest your home. 

Quick ID Hints:

• Yellowish resin glands on underside of leaf.
• Sessile, gray fruits in clusters on 2nd year wood.
• Narrowly oblanceolate, attenuate leaves.
• Waxy fruits are highly aromatic.

Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems. This plant is subject to leaf drop during acclimatization or after extremely cold temperatures. Leaf browning also typically occurs in cold winters. Watch for leaf anthracnose and leaf mosaic.