Solidago

Goldenrod is a genus of ca. 138 species of herbaceous perennials in the daisy family (Asteraceae). This genus is primarily native to North America; however, some species are also found in Central America, the Caribbean, South America, North Africa and Eurasia. They are often found in meadows, prairies, woodlands, thickets, and swamps. The genus name, Solidago, is compounded from the Latin words solidus and ago, which together mean "to make whole." This references the plant's reputed healing properties. 

Goldenrod is easy to grow in full sun and average, dry to medium, well-drained soil. It is a very forgiving plant and tolerates poor, dry soils, clay and drought.  The plant naturalizes quickly in the garden, and it may be advisable to divide it every two or three years to control its spread. Propagation is accomplished with wind-dispersed seeds or by the division of underground rhizomes.

It displays small, bright yellow flowers in dense clusters on top of tall stems from July through September. Deadheading spent flowers will result in additional blooms. Some species produce abundant nectar, which attracts bees, flies, beetles, wasps and butterflies. Birds are fond of the seeds. It is generally deer-resistant. Goldenrod is sometimes confused with ragweed and wrongly accused of bearing the wind-borne pollen that causes allergies and hay fever.

Goldenrod hybrids and cultivars are very popular perennials in Europe and are becoming more so here. Their color and form combine well with blue wood asters (Symphyotrichum cordifolium) and hardy ageratum (Coloclinium coelestinum). Different species of goldenrod are found in many different environments as well as soil conditions. When selecting a plant for your landscape, it is best to consider its native habitat to ensure success. Some species are best not planted in garden settings because of their spreading rhizomatous growth and aggressive spread. 

Quick ID Hints:

• herbaceous perennial on erect stems that sometimes has a woody base
• the leaves are simple, alternate, entire or serrate, smooth or hairy, and frequently scented
• tiny, golden flowerheads appear in wand-like clusters on the ends of the branches and curve outward

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: This plant has no serious insect or disease problems; however, rust, powdery mildew, and leaf spot may occur. Some species can be aggressive and spread rapidly when grown in optimal conditions.