Downy Solomon's Seal Polygonatum pubescens
Other Common Name(s):
- Phonetic Spelling
- po-lig-oh-NAY-tum pew-BES-senz
- Description
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Hairy Solomon's Seal is a flowering, herbaceous perennial wildflower native to eastern Canada and the United States. Most sources place this plant in the asparagus family, but others place it in the morning glory or lily families. It is found in partial to heavily shaded woodlands, slopes or thickets with average to moist rich soils. It is commonly found in the mountains of North Carolina and less common at lower elevations. It can be confused with P. biflorum but it is smaller, it is distinguished by minute hairs along veins on the undersides of leaves and has a smaller number of white or yellow spring flowers that bloom in clusters of 1 to 3 blossoms (as opposed to 12 blossoms of P. biflorum). The genus name comes from Greek words poly meaning many and gonu meaning knee joint in reference to the jointed plant rhizomes.
Hairy Solomon's Seal does best in medium to wet, well drained, humusy soil in partial or full shade. It will slowly spread by means of rhizomes and will form colonies where conditions are favorable. This plant is sensitive to heat and does not tolerate drought. Most growth and development occurs during the cool weather of spring.
Clemson University Home and Garden website has an article on planting and growing Polygonatum species.
Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems:
No known diseases or insect pests. Aphids, thrips, and caterpillars can be a problem.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
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- Cultivars / Varieties:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Polygonatum
- Species:
- pubescens
- Family:
- Asparagaceae
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Division
- Seed
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Eastern and central North America
- Wildlife Value:
- Flowers attract the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, honeybees, and bumblebees.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 6 in.
- Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 1 ft. 6 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Herbaceous Perennial
- Native Plant
- Wildflower
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Deciduous
- Habit/Form:
- Arching
- Erect
- Mounding
- Spreading
- Growth Rate:
- Rapid
- Maintenance:
- Low
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- Clay
- High Organic Matter
- Loam (Silt)
- Sand
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Alkaline (>8.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- Available Space To Plant:
- 3 feet-6 feet
- NC Region:
- Mountains
- Piedmont
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
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Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Black
- Blue
- Purple/Lavender
- Display/Harvest Time:
- Fall
- Fruit Type:
- Berry
- Fruit Length:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Width:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Description:
- Blue-black berries, 1/4 inch in diameter, become available August through October.
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Green
- White
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Spring
- Flower Shape:
- Bell
- Flower Petals:
- 6 petals/rays
- fused petals
- Flower Size:
- < 1 inch
- Flower Description:
- One to three bell-shaped, stalked, yellow-green flowers, 1/2 inch long, suspended below the leaves on short peduncles. Six flaring lobes hide the stamens. Flowers are difficult to see under leaves. Flowers bloom from April to June.
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Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Deciduous
- Leaf Color:
- Green
- Deciduous Leaf Fall Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Alternate
- Leaf Shape:
- Elliptical
- Lanceolate
- Leaf Margin:
- Entire
- Hairs Present:
- Yes
- Leaf Length:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Width:
- 1-3 inches
- Leaf Description:
- Simple, narrow, lanceolate-elliptic 2 to 5 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide. Entire margins, pointed or blunt at the tip. Upper side is hairless with parallel veins underside hairy. Conspicuously parallel-veined leaves turn an attractive yellow in fall.
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Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Green
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Form:
- Zig Zags
- Stem Surface:
- Smooth (glabrous)
- Stem Description:
- Erect at the bottom but arches under the weight of leaves toward the top. Unbranched, zig-zag form, almost hairless. The central stem is light to medium green and glabrous.
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Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Woodland
- Landscape Theme:
- Native Garden
- Shade Garden
- Design Feature:
- Border
- Attracts:
- Bees
- Butterflies
- Hummingbirds
- Songbirds
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Heavy Shade