Spotted Laurel Aucuba japonica

Spotted laurel, in the Garryaceae (silk tassel) family, is a woody, broadleaf, evergreen shrub with variegated leaves. It is native to East Asia and Japan, but has become well adapted to the North Carolina environment. 

It can be found in moist woodland areas, thickets, valleys, and along streams. Partial shade to deep shade is the best growing environment. Young leaves exposed to the sun will blacken. Soil conditions should be loamy clay, sand, or high organic matter. The soil needs to have good drainage, moist to occasionally dry or wet conditions. The plant will tolerate poor soils and urban conditions like air pollution. The foliage is susceptible to windburn so plant in a protected area. Spotted laurel typically grows 6 to 10 feet (infrequently to 15 feet) tall, unless pruned shorter. Plant 3 to 6 feet apart. It is propagated by seed or stem cutting. 

Plants in this genus are dioecious meaning they have male and female flowers on separate plants. If planted near each other, the female plants will produce showy red fruits in the winter providing year-round interest. 

Spotted laurel can be grown in containers around the patio or in recreational play areas.  It does well in children's gardens, shade, and winter gardens. It can be used as a hedge or privacy screening. In temperate climates it is grown as a houseplant and requires cool room temperatures of 50 to 65 degrees F.  

Quick ID Hints:

• Leaves are glossy, coriaceous, elliptic, and opposite
• Leaves are entire or dentate on green stems
• Long lasting red/burgundy fruit color is present from fall to spring 

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Indoor plants may suffer from spider mites. Outdoor plants occasionally suffer from scale, root rot, nematodes, and mealybugs. Fungal leaf spot, southern blight sometimes occurs.