Mexican Shrubby Spurge Euphorbia cotinifolia

Smoketree spurge is a shrub or small tree in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) that is native to Mexico and South America. In its native habitat, it is an evergreen but will drop its leaves if the temperature drops to 35  F. It can be grown as a shrub or trained to tree form and can reach 10-30 feet tall. In cooler climates it can be grown in a pot and brought indoors for the winter.

The species name means "leaves of Cotinus." The suffix, -folia, means "leaf." Cotinus is an unrelated genus in the Anacardiaceae (Sumac family) whose species are also sometimes called "smoketree."

The colorful leaves emerge red and mature to burgundy. In summer clusters of small white flowers appear at the end of branches.

This plant does best in full sun to light shade in very well-drained sandy soils. In NC it will need to be grown as an annual or in a container that can be brought inside for winter. If grown outdoors it does best in coastal areas but does not tolerate windy conditions or salt. If growing more inland, provide some shade in the afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorch.

The sap is poisonous so make sure to use protection (eye protection, long sleeves, long pants, gloves, etc.) if pruning.

Insect Pests, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Root rot can occur in poorly drained soils. Watch for aphids, spider mites, nematodes, and mealybugs.

VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Houseplants, Succulents, and Cacti", a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

More information on Euphorbia.