Common Maidenhair Adiantum pedatum

The Northern maidenhair fern is an herbaceous perennial in the Ribbon-fern family (Pteridaceae). The genus name comes from the Greek word adiantos, meaning “unwetted,” in reference to the water-repellent foliage. The epithet, pedatum, means like a bird's foot in Latin, in reference to the fronds. It is native to a wide area of eastern North America and eastern Asia. Although several varieties have been described, these are no longer recognized as distinct from Adiantum pedatum.

This fern typically grows 1 to 3 feet tall. It is easily grown in well-drained soil in part shade to full shade. It prefers moist, humus-rich, acidic soils in full shade. It spreads slowly by creeping, branching rhizomes to form large colonies over time. It will also tolerate mild drought. High summer heat may cause fronds to brown, especially in dry soil or too much sun. The fronds die back in winter, when the plant is dormant.

The Northern maidenhair fern is most frequently found on wooded slopes, ravine bottoms, and damp, shady woods. It features finely textured, somewhat frilly fronds that have curved stalks and are palmately divided (i.e., fronds divide into finger-like projections). Its wiry stems are reddish-brown to black. Crosiers (coiled young fiddleheads) emerge pink in spring. This fern would grow well in many locations including outdoor containers, native and shade gardens, and woodland areas. Small mammals shelter under it. 

Quick ID Hints:

• Fronds palmately divided
• Pinnae in flat planes
• Pinnules triangular, lobed
• Sori marginal covered by a revolute marginal flap
• Stipe & rachis wiry, black

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:

No significant problems. The Florida Fern Caterpillar can be a problem.

VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington, Director of JC Raulston Arboretum.

More information on Adiantum.