Tagetes

Tagetes, or marigolds, is a genus in the sunflower or aster family that includes 49 species of flowering, herbaceous plants with a shrubby form that is native to Central and South America and have been introduced throughout the world. Depending on their environment and whether they are grown as an outdoor or indoor plant, Marigolds can be annuals or perennials.

The plants give off a strong aroma when crushed and marigold flowers are bitter with a spicy, herbal flavor. The 'Lemon Gem' and 'Tangerine Gem' cultivars, however, are quite flavorful. The flowers can be made more palatable if you remove the bitter, white base of the petal. The plant is often used in tea, to color foods, and as a substitute for tarragon; however, it can be harmful if eaten in large amounts. The juice, sap, or thorns of these plants may cause a painful skin rash or irritation. Wash the affected area of the skin with soap and water as soon as possible after contact.

The name Tagetes comes from the name of an Etruscan seer supposedly born from the plowing of the earth and refers to the ease with which plants of this genus come out each year either by the seeds produced in the previous year or by the stems which regrow from the stump already in place. The common name, marigold, is a shortened form of "Mary's gold."

As an annual, Marigolds are upright and typically 1 to 4 feet tall. Depending on the species, Marigolds can range from 4 inches high to as much as 7 feet. Again, depending on the species, Marigolds grow well in almost any sort of soil with good drainage, and some cultivars are known to have good tolerance to drought. They can grow in full or partial sun, but full sun encourages blooms.

Consider Marigolds for mass plantings, borders, containers, cottage gardens, or a cutting garden. Remember to deadhead for repeat blooming throughout the summer.

Seasons of Interest:

Bloom:  Summer            Foliage:  Summer

Quick ID Hints:

• annual, erect, and 1 to 4 feet tall 
• erect stems and branched distally
• leaves are pinnatifid, opposite or alternate, lanceolate to oblanceolate, dentate margins with aromatic glands 
• yellow or orange solitary flower heads that measure 0.5 to 4 inches across

Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: Marigolds have no serious insect problems, but spider mites, Japanese Beetles, and slugs may be seen. Potential diseases include wilt, stem rot, leaf spots, botrytis blight, and aster yellow virus.

 VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers" a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.