Tuber Ladder Fern Nephrolepis cordifolia

The tuberous sword fern is a semi-evergreen fern in the sword fern family (Nephrolepidaceae) native to northern Australia and Asia. In its native habitat, they are found in swamps and along ditches but also grow a epiphytes.  The genus name is Greek for kidney and scale referring to the thin membrane covering the spores (indusia).   The specific epithet is Latin for heart and leaf.

The sword-shaped, erect fronds are 3 feet long, but are 7 feet in their native habitat.  Stagger them about 18 inches apart.  Where it is not invasive, it can spread to 4 feet.  Moist, well-drained, high humidity and shade is preferred.  Unlike other ferns, it will tolerate dry, poor soil and full sun.  It can also grow on the surface of another plant (epiphyte) and in rocks.  If grown as a houseplant, place in bright indirect light.  Apply a slow-release fertilizer every six months if not vibrant, being careful not to burn the shallow roots.  Propagation is by root cuttings and spores that are carried by wind, water, and clothing.  Prune to keep the fern within the desired space.

Similar to Florida native ferns in appearance and common names, but it is considered invasive in Florida and New Zealand. The invasive fern has tubers which the native ones do not.  Once established, it is drought and wind-tolerant.  The Hawaiians use the fronds for wrist and ankle lei.

Use as a ground cover or on a slope to control erosion.  Plant as a specimen, in mass planting, or in a container.   Place in a terrarium or bottle garden as an air-purifying plant. See native fern alternatives to the left.

Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No significant diseases or pests. Watch for the Florida Fern Caterpillar. Ants, mealybugs, scale, and slugs may occasionally cause problems.

VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington, Director of JC Raulston Arboretum.