Ilex glabra

Ilex glabra, commonly called inkberry or gallberry, is a slow-growing, upright-rounded, stoloniferous, broadleaf evergreen shrub in the holly family. It typically matures to 5-8’ tall, and can spread by root suckers to form colonies. It is native to the coastal plain from Nova Scotia to Florida to Louisiana where it is most commonly found in sandy woods and peripheries of swamps and bogs. This plant is moderately salt tolerant and adaptable to both light and heavy soils. 

Inkberry is an upright, erect, rounded, much-branched shrub that becomes open with age  Prune to shape in early spring just before new growth begins. Plants generally need minimal pruning unless used as a hedge (perhaps it is best grown as an informal hedge). Remove root suckers regularly if colonial spread is not desired.

Gallberry honey is a highly-rated honey that results from bees feeding on inkberry flowers. This honey is locally produced in certain parts of the Southeastern U.S. in areas where beekeepers release bees from late April to early June to coincide with inkberry flowering time. Dried and roasted inkberry leaves were first used by Native Americans to brew a black tea-like drink, hence the sometimes used common name of Appalachian tea for this shrub.

Wildlife Value:  This plant is a host for the Henry Elfin's butterfly. Other adult butterflies and bees are attracted to the blossoms as well.  Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee:  Colletes banksi.   The plant's fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals. White tailed deer may browse the leaves and twigs, although this plant is somewhat resistant to damage by deer.

Play Value: Wind Screen & Buffers; Wildlife Enhancement

Insects, Diseases, or Other Plant Problems: Leaf spot is an occasional problem. Spider mites may appear, especially in dry conditions. Susceptible to chlorosis (yellowing of leaves) in high pH (alkaline) soils.