Japanese Raisin Tree Hovenia dulcis

The scientific name dulcis translates to sweet in reference to it fleshy fruit stalks. 

Although able to reach heights of up to 50', this tree typically grows to approximately 30' in height in cultivation.   This large tree has long ascending main branches and few lateral branches.  

This tree casts light shade and has gray to gray-brown bark. It has fragrant flowers in the summer.  Trees do not flower until they reach an age of 3 to 4 years old.  

When grown from seed, they may not germinate for up to one year.  Spending its first winter in a greenhouse will benefit the survival of small trees.  Protection from winter frosts for its first several years outdoors can also help the plant survive.

The edible fruit has a taste and texture similar to raisins.  It is referred to as a fruit, but is actually a swollen receptacle. Each pea-sized fruit contains 3 seeds, which are not likely to ripen in cultivation. They are also fragrant.  An extract from the seed, as well as young leaves is used as a honey substitute. 

Although the flowers are insignificant when in bloom, its stalk becomes swollen, red and edible after subjected to frost.  At that time they are edible and have a sweet flavor.

The hard and finely grained wood from this tree is used in furniture manufacturing. 

Typically grown as a tree, it may be grown as a shrub.

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  No serious insect or disease issues.  

Although somewhat frost-tolerant, its new shoots can be damaged by winter frost and late frosts.  

New trees can be difficult to get established.  They are known to die in their first several years due to frost.  Temperatures over 85 degrees Fahrenheit can also cause damage to this plant.

In the wild, it can rapidly invade forests and forming dense stands, thereby obstructing the growth of native plants.  Its spread can be difficult to control, its seed spread by birds and other wildlife.

The dropping fruits can be messy.