Epidendrum ibaguense

The crucifix orchid is a tropical, evergreen, herbaceous perennial member of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It is native to northern South America. In its native habitat, it is a lithophytic orchid, meaning that it grows on exposed rocks. The species epithet means “from Ibagué,” a city in Colombia, near which the species was first collected. 

This plant needs heat, humidity and bright sunlight to perform at its best. Although mature plants are considered to be drought tolerant, weekly watering during the warmer months and reduced watering in the cooler months will benefit this plant. Standing water or allowing it to dry out completely is discouraged. If growing this orchid in a pot, be sure it is a fast-draining mix for orchids to prevent root rot. While actively blooming it will need to be regularly fertilized.

The plant grows to 3 feet tall on slender canes with tough, leathery, strap-like leaves and has terminal clusters of flowers in various colors (red, orange, yellow, pink or white) borne on long, naked stems. Aerial roots emerge from along the stems. Many of the plants in cultivation are hybrids involving this species and others, such as Epidendrum radicans, a very similar orchid with a more northerly range. The common name of crucifix orchid comes from the lower lip which looks like a small cross.

This orchid is considered easy to grow, so it is a good one for beginner orchid growers to try. In southern Florida, Hawaii and other frost-free locales, this species is grown as a bedding plant for a long season of color. This orchid is not hardy, but it benefits from spending summers outdoors.

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Root rot can occur from overwatering. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to turn brown. Too little light may cause the plant to become leggy and reduced flowering.