Croton Codiaeum variegatum
Other Common Name(s):
Previously known as:
- Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum
- Phonetic Spelling
- koh-dee-EYE-um var-ee-eh-GAY-tum
- This plant has low severity poison characteristics.
- See below
- Description
-
Croton is an erect tropical evergreen shrub reaching heights of 8' but more commonly 3'. It is a popular house shrub plant grown for its variously colored foliage or used as an exterior foundation plant, hedge, specimen plant where it is protected from frost.
Leaf variegation of yellow, red and green often changes with age; leaf shape variations often popular. The white blooms are insignificant, not showy.
Prefers high light, direct sunlight; prefers dry soil and low to medium relative humidity. Water it liberally from spring to autumn, sparingly in winter. Increasing light exposure will increase variegation. Mist leaves regularly, daily if possible.
A milky white latex sap that excuses from damaged leaves or stems can be an irritant to soft tissue, causing itching and swelling. Wash your hands thoroughly when handling plants and keep hands away from the eyes.
Cultivated material is often referred to as to var. pictum or 'Pictum'.
Found in: Houseplant or interiorscape; landscape as tender annual planted outdoors in summer
Quick ID Hints:
- Leaves are variegated red, yellow and green
- Upright interior shrub with glossy, colorful leaves
- Milky sap exudes from broken leaves or stems
Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Spider mite susceptibility sometimes limits interiorscape use to short-term.
VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants" a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.
- Profile Video:
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
-
- 'Mammy'
- 'Petra'
- 'Pictum'
- 'Mammy'
- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
-
- 'Mammy'
- 'Petra'
- 'Pictum'
- 'Mammy'
- Tags:
-
-
Attributes:
- Genus:
- Codiaeum
- Species:
- variegatum
- Family:
- Euphorbiaceae
- Life Cycle:
- Woody
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Malaysia to South Western Pacific
-
-
Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Annual
- Poisonous
- Shrub
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Habit/Form:
- Erect
- Oval
-
-
Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Occasionally Dry
- Available Space To Plant:
- 3 feet-6 feet
- 6-feet-12 feet
-
-
Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Insignificant
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Raceme
- Flower Description:
- A slender axillary raceme, at branch tips. White, insignificant, sticky.
-
-
Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Leaf Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Green
- Orange
- Pink
- Purple/Lavender
- Red/Burgundy
- Variegated
- Leaf Feel:
- Glossy
- Leathery
- Leaf Value To Gardener:
- Showy
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Alternate
- Leaf Shape:
- Linear
- Ovate
- Leaf Margin:
- Entire
- Lobed
- Undulate
- Hairs Present:
- No
- Leaf Length:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Width:
- 1-3 inches
- Leaf Description:
- Alternate, simple leaves, linear to ovate, acute, entire or lobed, coriaceous (leathery), rugose (crinkled), glossy, medium green variegated with white, yellow, red and/or red-purple darkened to nearly black; petiole & vein sap milky white. High levels of variation among cultivars.
-
-
Bark:
- Bark Color:
- Dark Brown
- Surface/Attachment:
- Fissured
- Bark Description:
- Woody old growth is vertically fissured.
-
-
Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Brown/Copper
- Green
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Leaf Scar Shape:
- Round
- Stem Description:
- New growth green, old growth brown and woody with vertical fissures and oval leaf scars giving the stem a pock-marked appearance.
-
-
Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Container
- Houseplants
- Design Feature:
- Understory Tree
- Problems:
- Contact Dermatitis
- Poisonous to Humans
-
-
Poisonous to Humans:
- Poison Severity:
- Low
- Poison Symptoms:
- TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. SKIN IRRITATION MINOR OR LASTING ONLY FOR A FEW MINUTES. Allergic dermatitis with skin rash developing after repeated contact. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea when ingested.
- Poison Toxic Principle:
- Diterpene esters
- Causes Contact Dermatitis:
- Yes
- Poison Part:
- Bark
- Flowers
- Fruits
- Leaves
- Roots
- Sap/Juice
- Seeds
- Stems
