Cephalanthus occidentalis

Buttonbush is a deciduous shrub that may grow up to 10 feet tall. The leaves are opposite or whorled with smooth margins. The bark is thin and smooth on young trees. The bark becomes fissured and scaly as the tree ages. In late summer, small, white, tubular flowers occur in clusters at the end of slender 1- to 2-inch stalks. The shrub produces a round cluster of dark brown nutlets that mature in early fall.

It is an attractive deciduous native shrub in the Rubiaceae family.  It grows well in wet sites including flooded areas and is effective in helping stop erosion.  It is frequently found growing in low areas, thickets, river basions, pond edges, and swamps.  It would work well planted in a rain garden or in a pond or water garden. Is a spreading well branched shrub with yellow fall color.  The foliage is poisonous to livestock. Prune severely every year in the early spring for best flower production.  Its flowers are fragrant and followed by a showy fruit.

Fire Risk: This plant has a low flammability rating.

Regions: Mountain, Piedmont, Coastal Plains

Seasons of Interest:

Bloom: Late Summer  Fruit: Fall-Winter, Nutlets

Wildlife Value:  The Buttonbush is highly resistant to damage from deer.  Flowers attract hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees.  Songbirds and water fowl eat the seeds.

Site:  The Buttonbush is easily grown in moist, humusy soils in full sun to part shade. It grows very well in wet soils, including flood conditions and shallow standing water. It will adapt to a wide range of soils except dry ones. Pruning is usually not necessary, but may be done in early spring to shape. If plants become unmanageable, however, they may be cut back near to the ground in early spring to revitalize.