Knitbone Symphytum officinale
Other Common Name(s):
- Phonetic Spelling
- sim-FY-tum oh-fiss-ih-NAH-lee
- This plant has medium severity poison characteristics.
- See below
- Description
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Referring to the belief that comfrey helped to heal injuries, the scientific name Symphytum comes from the Greek words symphyo or grow together and phyton for plant. Together translating to a plant that heals injuries. It has a long history of use as a medicinal herb for topical and internal injuries, though it is no longer deemed as safe for consumption. It is said that the leaves and roots can be used to treat rashes, swelling, cuts and bruises.
One of the many plants called comfrey, this variety grows best in full sun to part shade and well-drained, moist, rich soil. In NC's hot summers, it appreciates some shade from the afternoon sun.
It is deer resistant and tolerant to drought and clay soil.
Its foliage is a good addition to a compost pile. It can be pruned several times a year and is often used as compost for food crops. A liquid fertilizer can be obtained by soaking the leaves in water for at least one week. The potassium from this plant is great for growing tomatoes.
As it easily spreads and will sprout from any root pieces left behind from removal, it can be grown in large containers to better control its spread. Its rapid spreading habit does make it a remarkable candidate for establishing an attractive colony.
Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or diseases issues. Snails and slugs may damage the foliage. Heavy rains can cause the leaves to droop.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Herb & Flower Cottage Garden
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Symphytum
- Species:
- officinale
- Family:
- Boraginaceae
- Uses (Ethnobotany):
- Medicinal use for injuries. The leaves can be used to make an olvie green dye.
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Division
- Root Cutting
- Seed
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Europe, W. Asia
- Wildlife Value:
- This plant is pollinated by bees.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 0 ft. 9 in. - 2 ft. 6 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Ground Cover
- Herbaceous Perennial
- Wildflower
- Habit/Form:
- Clumping
- Spreading
- Growth Rate:
- Rapid
- Maintenance:
- Medium
- Texture:
- Coarse
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- Clay
- High Organic Matter
- Loam (Silt)
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Alkaline (>8.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- Occasionally Dry
- Available Space To Plant:
- 12 inches-3 feet
- NC Region:
- Coastal
- Mountains
- Piedmont
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Pink
- Purple/Lavender
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Cyme
- Flower Value To Gardener:
- Showy
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Spring
- Summer
- Flower Shape:
- Tubular
- Flower Size:
- < 1 inch
- Flower Description:
- Bluebell-like purple flowers that grow in drooping clusters. Blooms in late spring and early summer, May to June.
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Leaves:
- Leaf Color:
- Green
- Leaf Feel:
- Rough
- Leaf Value To Gardener:
- Fragrant
- Showy
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Rosulate
- Leaf Shape:
- Lanceolate
- Ovate
- Leaf Margin:
- Entire
- Hairs Present:
- Yes
- Leaf Length:
- > 6 inches
- Leaf Width:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Description:
- The large, coarse leaves covered in hair. The base of the upper leaves run down the length of the stem.
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Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Green
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Surface:
- Hairy (pubescent)
- Stem Description:
- Stems are winged.
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Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Container
- Meadow
- Naturalized Area
- Pond
- Slope/Bank
- Woodland
- Landscape Theme:
- Cottage Garden
- Drought Tolerant Garden
- Pollinator Garden
- Shade Garden
- Design Feature:
- Border
- Mass Planting
- Specimen
- Attracts:
- Bees
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Deer
- Drought
- Dry Soil
- Problems:
- Weedy
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Poisonous to Humans:
- Poison Severity:
- Medium
- Poison Symptoms:
- Ingestion can lead to liver damage, lung damage, and cancer. Considered possibly safe to use externally.
- Poison Toxic Principle:
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
- Causes Contact Dermatitis:
- No
- Poison Part:
- Bark
- Flowers
- Fruits
- Leaves
- Roots
- Sap/Juice
- Seeds
- Stems