Pitaya Selenicereus undatus

Dragon fruit or pitaya is native from Mexico to Honduras and is found in warm tropical climates. This plant is a member of the cactus family (Cactaceae) and is a succulent, epiphyte that has fragrant, night-blooming flowers, edible, sweet tasting fruits, and creeping and sprawling stems. The scientific name comes from Latin words, Selene translating to 'moon', referring to its nocturnal traits. The  specific epithet, undatus, translates to "wavy edges," that is akin to the rib-like structure of the stem.  Its common name hails from the hard tentacles (scales) that surround the fruits.

The dragon fruit prefers bright, direct sunlight, warm temperatures, and moderate humidity. This plant also prefers well-drained, loam or cactus potting mix. Water this plant when the soil is almost completely dry and provide good circulation to prevent disease. Provide adequate watering in the spring and summer, and up until the flowering period ends. Reduce watering during the winter months, but don't allow the plant to dry out completely.  Fertilize the plant only during the growing season. Repotting is suggested every 2 to 3 years or when the plant outgrows its container. Pruning may be required to remove dead or damage stems or to shape the plant. Use clean tools to prevent introducing bacterial or fungal diseases. Due to its climbing nature, a trellis or structure such as arbor will help it grow upright and offer the plant support. It may be propagated by seeds or stem cuttings. 

This plant has aerial roots that appear along the length of the stems. The stems are green, sprawling, and multi-branched. The flowers are nocturnal, solitary, and only bloom for one night. The fruits produced are berries that have a dragon-like exterior and sweet, soft, fleshy fruit interior. The white or red flesh is speckled with tiny black seeds. The fruit is edible and is rich in antioxidants.

It is the most cultivated species in the genus. It is harvested as a commercial crop in numerous countries, farmers can expect 5 to 6 harvest cycles each year.  Fruits range in weight from 1/2 lb to up to 3 lbs.  The fruits are also used to color juices and some alcoholic drinks.  In addition to the fruits, the flowers are also edible.  They are used for brewing tea.  

Pitaya can be grown in containers, but be careful as it has spines.

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  Monitor for ants, scale, and mealybugs. Avoid anthracnose by providing the plant good air circulation. Overwatering or too much rainfall can lead to stem and root rot. Brown spots can develop from fungal or bacterial infections. Birds are attracted to fruit and may peck at the fruits. Too much sun can lead to sun-scorch and dehydration.