Muscari

Muscari is the genus of spring-blooming perennial bulbs known as grape hyacinths. They have grass-like foliage and clusters of tiny fragrant bell-shaped flowers. Most plants have blue-colored flowers but depending on the species or varieties other colors such as white, pink, or yellow are available. Grape hyacinths are best planted in the fall and will typically bloom early to mid-spring. They add spectacular color to the garden. They are members of the Asparagaceae or asparagus family.

They are native to Europe, the Mediterranean, and Central Asia.

The name of the genus, Muscari, is derived from the Greek word for musk and refers to the scent produced by most of the species in this genus. 

Grape hyacinths prefer full sun to partial shade. They are tolerant of chalk, clay, sandy, and loamy soils and prefer acidic to neutral pH. Moist, well-drained soil is required in the spring. It is best to reduce watering when the foliage begins to die back. Excess water will cause the bulbs to rot. The plant is typically dormant from late spring to autumn.  Allow the foliage to yellow and fade away. This will allow the plant to produce energy for the next year's flowers.

Grape hyacinths are easy to grow, and the bulbs are best planted in the fall. Plant the bulbs about 2-3 inches deep and about 2-3 inches apart. The plants will naturalize over time. The plants are deer and rabbit resistant. Butterflies and bees pollinate the flowers. 

They are great companion plants to other flowering bulbs or perennials. Grape hyacinths look best when planted in at least quantities of 25 bulbs in a small garden. Planting the bulbs beneath deciduous trees or shrubs will add spring color to your home garden. 

Consider planting grape hyacinths in rock gardens, pollinator gardens, and cottage gardens or using them as a border plant. For a more dramatic effect, consider mass plantings for spectacular color in the spring. They are also very popular as container plants.

Seasons of Interest:

Bloom:  Early to Mid-Spring    Foliage:  Spring 

Quick ID Hints:

• spring-flowering bulb
• long-lasting grass-like foliage
• spikes of tiny bell-shaped blue flowers or hyacinth-like
• plant measures 6 to 9 inches tall and up to 6 inches wide

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: There are no serious insect or disease problems. Aphids and spider mites may be seen. The yellow mosaic virus can occur.

The NC State Extension Publications list includes a factsheet on the Narcissus Bulb Fly which is known to frequent this plant.  

VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee.