Jungle Cactus Epiphyllum oxypetalum
Other Common Name(s):
Previously known as:
- Cereus oxypetalus
- Epiphyllum purpussi
- Phyllocactus latifrons
- Phonetic Spelling
- ep-ih-FE-lum ks-ee-PET-al-um
- Description
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Queen of the night is a tropical epiphyte to lithophyte and spineless cactus with aerial roots and large, fragrant flowers. It is native to Central America and thrives in tropical and subtropical climates rather than in dry, arid areas. In its native habitat, it is found growing on other plants or trees as well as rocks and may grow up to 10 feet tall. This member of the cactus family (Cactaceae) is the most cultivated species in the genus. It is commonly grown as a smaller ornamental houseplant.
This plant requires bright, indirect light and protection from the harsh afternoon sun. Give this plant well-drained average succulent or cactus potting mix with added sand or perlite. Soak the soil completely when watering, and water regularly during the spring and summer. Allow the top of the soil to dry out between watering. Reduce the water schedule during the fall and winter when growth is slowed. It is not frost tolerant and prefers temperatures between 50 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit. It thrives in high humidity, and humidifier may be needed. Repotting may be required every 2 or 3 years. The queen of the night can be easily propagated by stem cuttings.
The plant is erect, sprawling, and spineless cactus. It has long, flat, green segmented stems or leaf-like branches that may have wavy or lobed edges and measure up to 16 inches long. The flowers are white, fragrant, waterlily like and measure 12 inches long and 8 inches wide. They are night-blooming and wither by the next morning. They typically bloom in the late spring to early summer; however, houseplants tend to bloom sporadically. The flowers are pollinated by bats and moths. After flowering, purplish-red fruits are produced that are edible.
The queen of the night has slightly different growing needs than other cacti or succulents. If you are up for the challenge, you will be rewarded with beautiful and unique houseplant.
Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Common insects include mealybugs, spider mites, and scale. The plant is susceptible to root rot in the presence of overwatering or poorly drained soil. Powdery mildew can occur if the air circulation is poor. Exposure to direct sunlight can cause sunburn.
VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Houseplants, Succulents, and Cacti", a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.
- Profile Video:
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Epiphyllum
- Species:
- oxypetalum
- Family:
- Cactaceae
- Uses (Ethnobotany):
- Used in herbal medicine esp. in Asia and India
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Stem Cutting
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Central Mexico to Nicaragua
- Distribution:
- Native: Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Distribution: Brazil, China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Leeward Islands, Marquesas, Marshall Islands, Puerto Rico, Society Islands, Tuamotu, Tubuai Island, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, and Windward Islands.
- Wildlife Value:
- In their native habitat, flowers are pollinated by bats and moths.
- Play Value:
- Attractive Flowers
- Easy to Grow
- Edible fruit
- Fragrance
- Edibility:
- The fruits are edible.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 8 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Houseplant
- Perennial
- Succulent
- Habit/Form:
- Arching
- Climbing
- Erect
- Multi-stemmed
- Weeping
- Growth Rate:
- Rapid
- Maintenance:
- Medium
- Texture:
- Medium
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- High Organic Matter
- Loam (Silt)
- Sand
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Alkaline (>8.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- Available Space To Plant:
- 12 inches-3 feet
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
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Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Purple/Lavender
- Red/Burgundy
- Fruit Value To Gardener:
- Edible
- Display/Harvest Time:
- Fall
- Fruit Length:
- > 3 inches
- Fruit Width:
- 1-3 inches
- Fruit Description:
- A bright purplish-red fruit similar to pitaya or dragon fruit. The inner flesh is white and contains small black seeds. It is oblong and angled, up to 6 inches long and 3 inches wide. Fruits are rarely produced.
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Pink
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Head
- Flower Value To Gardener:
- Fragrant
- Showy
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Spring
- Summer
- Flower Shape:
- Funnel
- Radial
- Flower Petals:
- 7 - 20 petals/rays
- Flower Size:
- > 6 inches
- Flower Description:
- Huge, showy, white flowers with fragrant blooms with 25 to 30 petals. The sepals may be yellowish or pinkish. They grow on long floral tubes that emerge from the cladode margins. They bloom only at night annually for only one night, each flower lasting a few hours.
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Leaves:
- Hairs Present:
- No
- Leaf Description:
- No true leaves but flattened stems with crenate and wavy margins. See stem information.
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Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Green
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Form:
- Straight
- Stem Surface:
- Smooth (glabrous)
- Stem Description:
- What appears to be leaves are cladodes, long, flattened stems that function like a leaf. They are eliptic with undulate or crenate margins. The stems can reach lengths of up to 20 feet long. The flowers grow from the margins of these stems.
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Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Container
- Hanging Baskets
- Houseplants
- Patio
- Landscape Theme:
- Edible Garden
- Nighttime Garden
- Design Feature:
- Specimen
- Attracts:
- Bats
- Moths
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Heat
- Humidity