Cinnamomum verum
Common Name(s):
Previously known as:
- Cinnamomum zeylanicum
- Phonetic Spelling
- sin-uh-MOH-mum VAIR-um
- Description
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Cinnamomum comes from the Greek word Kinnamomon, which translates to spice, while verum means true. Thus the common name of True Cinnamon.
Cinnamon is a small evergreen tropical tree native to Sri Lanka that is not likely to grow well in North Carolina due to colder winter temperatures. Optimum conditions for growing include warm and wet climate. Young trees will perform at their best when shade from the afternoon sun is provided. As the tree matures, it can withstand more sunlight.
Typically a tree grown in the tropics, it can thrive in a cooler location when overwintered in a protected environment, such as indoors as a houseplant. After overwintering indoors, allow the tree to acclimate to the outdoors by placing outdoors for short periods of time, and slowly increasing its outdoor time each day. Failure to provide the necessary time to acclimate can cause the leaves to scorch.
Oils from the foliage and bark are both fragrant, and are used in the production of food and beverages as well as soaps and candles. After drying the bark, it can be used as a spice for baking, or a seasoning for meats, sauces, pickles, and confectionery treats.
True cinnamon is pollinated by insects, especially flies.
Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: A host plant for the cinnamon butterfly, who can defoliate young plants. Beetles and leaf miners feed on the plant. Issues with aphids, whiteflies and scale are possible.
Stripe canker, anthracnose, and leaf spot are also issues for this plant.
Although not considered invasive in the US, it has escaped cultivation in many Pacific Island locals. These locations include Samoa, Fiji and the Cook Islands.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Cinnamomum
- Species:
- verum
- Family:
- Lauraceae
- Uses (Ethnobotany):
- It is used to treat a wide variety of medical conditions.
- Life Cycle:
- Woody
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Seed
- Stem Cutting
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Sri Lanka
- Wildlife Value:
- Host plant for Chilasa clytia (cinnamon butterfly). Birds are attracted to the fruits.
- Play Value:
- Attracts Pollinators
- Fragrance
- Shade
- Wildlife Food Source
- Wildlife Larval Host
- Edibility:
- The inner bark is edible dried and ground and used as a spice for both savory and sweet cooking. Oils are also extracted from the plant and used as flavoring.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 50 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 20 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Edible
- Herbaceous Perennial
- Houseplant
- Tree
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Habit/Form:
- Erect
- Growth Rate:
- Medium
- Maintenance:
- Low
- Texture:
- Medium
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- Clay
- Loam (Silt)
- Sand
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- Available Space To Plant:
- 12-24 feet
- 24-60 feet
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
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Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Purple/Lavender
- Fruit Value To Gardener:
- Fragrant
- Fruit Type:
- Drupe
- Fruit Length:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Width:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Description:
- The fleshy, green fruits will mature to dark purple. They form as drupes and will contain one seed. Although they have a cinnamon aroma, they are not used for the production of cinnamon.
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Cream/Tan
- Gold/Yellow
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Insignificant
- Panicle
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Winter
- Flower Shape:
- Star
- Flower Petals:
- 7 - 20 petals/rays
- Flower Size:
- < 1 inch
- Flower Description:
- The flowers have an unpleasant aroma.
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Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Leaf Color:
- Green
- Leaf Feel:
- Leathery
- Leaf Value To Gardener:
- Edible
- Fragrant
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Opposite
- Leaf Shape:
- Oblong
- Ovate
- Leaf Margin:
- Entire
- Hairs Present:
- No
- Leaf Length:
- > 6 inches
- Leaf Width:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Description:
- The large leaves can grow up to lengths of 10". They have 3 distinct yellow veins. Young leaves can have a reddish tint.
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Bark:
- Bark Color:
- Dark Brown
- Red/Burgundy
- Bark Description:
- The bark is fragrant.
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Stem:
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
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Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Container
- Houseplants
- Patio
- Woodland
- Design Feature:
- Accent
- Specimen
- Attracts:
- Butterflies
- Pollinators
- Songbirds