Yellow Bristle Grass Cenchrus americanus

Pearl millet (also known by the genus and species Pennisetum glaucum) is an erect, annual, ornamental grass native to Africa that is well-adapted to poor, drought-stricken and infertile soils. These characteristics make it one of the most drought-resistant cereal crops and a vital subsistence crop in countries surrounding the Sahara Desert and in western Africa where soils are tough and rainfall is low. As climate change continues to affect weather and rainfall patterns, pearl millet is likely to become increasingly important as a crop for the future. Pearl millet is widely grown around the world as a summer forage crop for livestock, a cereal grain, and an ornamental. In addition to being an important food source, pearl millet has a number of medicinal applications as well as very showy flowers, which in turn produce the highly nutritious edible seed called millet.

Pearl millet is easy to grow in evenly moist, well-draining soil in full sun and tolerates dry soils and drought. It does not tolerate shade. Overly wet soils or waterlogged conditions will result in poor seed set.  When growing in clay soils, ensure that good drainage is provided.  The grass performs best in hot summer climates and best germination occurs in warm soils above 70 °F. Cool temperatures or allowing seedlings to become root-bound can lead to stunted growth. Pearl millet grows rapidly, but with a short lifespan. Mature plants can reach up to 10 feet tall and 3 feet wide and are held in place by a robust root system.  

The quality of this forage crop is kept at its optimum by frequent cutting or grazing.  When allowed to grow tall, the quality declines, and it is more difficult to properly dry.  

The genus name comes from the Latin penna meaning "feather" and seta meaning "bristle" in reference to the flowers' long, feathery bristles. The species name glaucum means "having a bluish grey cast". The common name pearl millet refers to the round seeds of this millet species.

Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems:

Rust and leaf spot are potential problems. Susceptible to damage by chinch bugs and stink bugs.