Brassica oleracea (Cauliflower & Broccoli Group)

This group of hybrids includes sprouting broccoli, broccolini, romanesco broccoli and cauliflower. They have been hybridized in many parts of the world for many centuries from the original wild cabbage,

The plants can grow 1-4 feet tall and wide. They do best in full sun and in any amended garden soil. Broccoli can be started from seed or purchased as plants and planted 4-6 weeks before the first frost or 2-3 weeks after the last frost. They will tolerate some frost which improves the flavor. Cauliflower is more of a challenge and should be planted for a fall crop in NC. Provide adequate nitrogen for best results. Get a soil test before planting and fertilize according to the results.

Broccoli and broccolini form a tight head of rounded green unopened flower buds on thick stems resembling a tree and are surrounded by leaves. Broccolini's heads are smaller and looser. Pick broccoli when fully formed and before the flower buds open. Cauliflower grows as a tight white mass without defined flower buds and is surrounded by thick stems and leaves, some of which cover the head to protect it from the sun. These plants have many heirlooms and cultivars available for planting.

Plant in the edible garden or mix among the perennials to provide some interest during cooler months.

Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems:   Insects that may affect its growth are cabbage worms, slugs, aphids, and caterpillars.  Watch out for leaf spot and black rot.  See pests of crucifers to the left.

The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common Cole crop diseases and other plant problems.

VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants" a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.   

More information on Brassica oleracea.