Arbutus unedo
Common Name(s):
- Phonetic Spelling
- ar-BU-tus U-nay-do
- Description
-
Strawberry Tree is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the Heath family native to the Mediterranean region and western Europe. The showy red edible fruits mature in autumn and have a high sugar content but are rather bland tasting. They can be used to make jams and jellies. Fruit production is variable, dependent on the weather and the fruits bruise easily so this plant has not been grown for commercial fruit production much except for making brandy in Portugal.
It is slow-growing, about 12"-24" a year, and usually reaches a height of 15 feet but can grow up to 35 feet tall. Grow it as a shrub or trained to a tree form to show off its interesting peeling bark.
Strawberry Tree is easy to grow and adaptable to various climates and well-drained soils, including poor ones. It is tolerant of full sun to partial shade, salt, and drought once established. Lightly prune back the shoots regularly to maintain an attractive shape. Use as a specimen, for screening or as a small shade tree near a patio. With its glossy leaves, white flowers, red fruits and exfoliating bark this plant provides four seasons of interest for your landscape.
Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Susceptible to scales and thrips. Anthracnose, Phytophthora, root rot and rust are occasional disease problems. This plant struggles in humid climates. Fruit drop can be messy near hardscaped surfaces.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
-
- ‘Compacta’
6-10 feet tall - 'Elfin King'
Dwarf
- ‘Compacta’
- ‘Compacta’, 'Elfin King'
- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
-
- ‘Compacta’
6-10 feet tall - 'Elfin King'
Dwarf
- ‘Compacta’
- ‘Compacta’, 'Elfin King'
- Tags:
-
-
Attributes:
- Genus:
- Arbutus
- Species:
- unedo
- Family:
- Ericaceae
- Uses (Ethnobotany):
- Leaves have been used in herbal medicine. The wood is hard and useful
- Life Cycle:
- Woody
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Layering
- Seed
- Stem Cutting
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Europe, Asia, North Africa
- Fire Risk Rating:
- low flammability
- Wildlife Value:
- Nectar plant for pollinators and the fruit provides food for birds and small mammals. It is browsed by deer.
- Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems):
- Resistant to Oat root fungus and Armillaria.
- Edibility:
- Red berries are bland-tasting and can be eaten raw or used in jams and jellies as it has a high natural pectin content. Also used to make brandy.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 10 ft. 0 in. - 35 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
-
-
Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Edible
- Tree
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Habit/Form:
- Dense
- Erect
- Multi-trunked
- Rounded
- Spreading
- Vase
- Growth Rate:
- Slow
- Maintenance:
- Medium
- Texture:
- Fine
-
-
Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- Clay
- Loam (Silt)
- Sand
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- Occasionally Dry
- Available Space To Plant:
- 6-feet-12 feet
- NC Region:
- Coastal
- Piedmont
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
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-
Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Red/Burgundy
- Fruit Value To Gardener:
- Edible
- Showy
- Display/Harvest Time:
- Fall
- Fruit Type:
- Berry
- Fruit Length:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Width:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Description:
- 1/2-1 inch red berries with a rough surface in autumn. Mature in 12 months and are on the tree at the same time as flowers are. Fruits resemble strawberries and the wet fruits can be messy on hardscaped surfaces.
-
-
Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Pink
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Panicle
- Flower Value To Gardener:
- Fragrant
- Showy
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Fall
- Winter
- Flower Shape:
- Urn
- Flower Size:
- < 1 inch
- Flower Description:
- Urn-shaped small white or occasionally light pink flowers with a mild fragrance in drooping panicles of 10-30 flowers in autumn. In warm winter climates may bloom into winter. Flowers are similar to that of blueberries and they last a year on the plants until they form fruits.
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-
Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Broadleaf Evergreen
- Leaf Color:
- Green
- Leaf Feel:
- Glossy
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Alternate
- Leaf Shape:
- Oblanceolate
- Oblong
- Obovate
- Leaf Margin:
- Serrate
- Hairs Present:
- No
- Leaf Length:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Width:
- < 1 inch
- Leaf Description:
- 2-4 inches by .8- 1.25 inches glossy green leaves with serrated margins and red stems. The tip is acute, base wedge-shaped (cuneate), undersides paler and glabrous.
-
-
Bark:
- Bark Color:
- Dark Brown
- Dark Gray
- Surface/Attachment:
- Exfoliating
- Peeling
- Shaggy
- Smooth
- Bark Description:
- Striking, peeling grayish-brown bark reveals reddish-brown underneath.
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-
Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Brown/Copper
- Red/Burgundy
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Description:
- Reddish-brown stems
-
-
Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Coastal
- Lawn
- Patio
- Small Space
- Landscape Theme:
- Cottage Garden
- Edible Garden
- Winter Garden
- Design Feature:
- Screen/Privacy
- Small Tree
- Specimen
- Understory Tree
- Attracts:
- Pollinators
- Small Mammals
- Songbirds
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Drought
- Fire
- Poor Soil
- Salt
- Problems:
- Messy