Adiantum

Most commonly known as maidenhair or walking ferns, they are members of the Ribbon-fern family (Pteridaceae). The native range of this genus is cosmopolitan, found throughout North America and on most continents. Two commonly cultivated species are native to North Carolina, including Adiantum capillus-veneris (Southern maidenhair fern), and Adiantum pedatum (Northern maidenhair fern). The name of the genus was derived from adiontos, the Greek word for unwetted and refers to the capacity of fronds to repel water.  The common name maidenhair came from the thin dark rachi on the fronds.  The common name walking fern refers to the ability of the fern to create new plants when the tip of the leaflets touch the ground.

Maidenhair ferns generally prefer shady areas and soils that are organic, moist and well-drained.  They can be found naturally in bottomlands or wet vertical rock walls but have become endangered in North Carolina due to a loss of habitat.  

Ferns pair well in landscapes with other shade-loving plants including hosta, astilbe, lungworts, Solomon’s seal, and others.  

Quick ID Hints:

• rachis looks like a thin wire and is often black or red black
• sori are located around the outer edges of the pinna and are covered with a false indusium of curled segments
• pinna are shaped like fans or wedges and lack a distinct midrib
• fronds are delicate in appearance, can be evergreen or deciduous

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:

No significant problems. The Florida Fern Caterpillar can be a problem.

VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington, Director of JC Raulston Arboretum.