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Taxus canadensis

Phonetic Spelling
TAKS-us ka-na-DEN-sis
Description

Canada yew is a conifer in the Taxaceae family found in swampy areas, ravines, stream banks, and lakeshores in Canada and the U.S.A.  It ranges in from Manitoba, Minnesota, and Iowa eastward to the coast and south as far as Tennessee and North Carolina. In NC it is found in the mountains.

They grow in part shade to shade in moist, cool soil in rich woods, hardwood and conifer forests, swamps, ravines, and banks. The stems that touch the ground will root and colonies can be formed. It rarely grows over 5 feet tall.

Use this shrub to stabilize soils along streams, ponds and bogs or in mass plantings as a ground cover. Deer will browse this shrub.

VIDEO Created by Elizabeth Meyer for "Trees, Shrubs and Conifers" a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

More information on Taxus.

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Tags:
#fragrant leaves#shade garden#riparian#stream banks#deer browsing plant#swamps#pond garden#groundcover#wet soils tolerant#understory shrub#problem for cats#problem for dogs#problem for horses#woodland garden
 
Cultivars / Varieties:
Tags:
#fragrant leaves#shade garden#riparian#stream banks#deer browsing plant#swamps#pond garden#groundcover#wet soils tolerant#understory shrub#problem for cats#problem for dogs#problem for horses#woodland garden
  • Attributes:
    Genus:
    Taxus
    Species:
    canadensis
    Family:
    Taxaceae
    Life Cycle:
    Woody
    Recommended Propagation Strategy:
    Stem Cutting
    Country Or Region Of Origin:
    Central and eastern North America
    Dimensions:
    Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 5 ft. 0 in.
    Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in.
  • Whole Plant Traits:
    Plant Type:
    Native Plant
    Shrub
    Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
    Needled Evergreen
    Habit/Form:
    Ascending
    Prostrate
    Spreading
    Growth Rate:
    Slow
    Maintenance:
    Low
    Texture:
    Medium
  • Cultural Conditions:
    Light:
    Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
    Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
    Soil Texture:
    Clay
    High Organic Matter
    Loam (Silt)
    Soil Drainage:
    Good Drainage
    Moist
    Occasionally Wet
    NC Region:
    Mountains
    USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
    3a, 3b, 4a, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
  • Fruit:
    Fruit Color:
    Red/Burgundy
    Display/Harvest Time:
    Summer
    Fruit Length:
    < 1 inch
    Fruit Width:
    < 1 inch
    Fruit Description:
    Fruit is a cup-shaped, berry-like cone called an aril, up to 3/8 inch long, maturing to bright red, open at the top exposing the single seed in mid to late summer.
  • Flowers:
    Flower Color:
    Cream/Tan
    Gold/Yellow
    Flower Bloom Time:
    Spring
    Flower Description:
    Male and female flowers are cone-like structures called strobili, both about 1/8 inch long, borne singly in the leaf axils usually on different branches of the same plant, occasionally on separate plants. Female cones are smaller, beginning as pointed buds and subtended by a series of small bracts. Male strobili are oval-elliptic, the cone scales yellowish, the pollen sacs initially creamy colored, turning tan.
  • Leaves:
    Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
    Needled Evergreen
    Leaf Color:
    Green
    Leaf Value To Gardener:
    Fragrant
    Leaf Type:
    Needles
    Leaf Shape:
    Linear
    Leaf Margin:
    Entire
    Hairs Present:
    No
    Leaf Length:
    < 1 inch
    Leaf Width:
    < 1 inch
    Leaf Description:
    3/8- 1-inch dark green needles attached singly in a spiral around the branch but give a flattened appearance as they project laterally only. the undersides paler with a prominent green midvein and appearing striped.
  • Stem:
    Stem Color:
    Brown/Copper
    Gold/Yellow
    Green
    Red/Burgundy
    Stem Is Aromatic:
    No
    Stem Surface:
    Smooth (glabrous)
    Stem Description:
    Twigs are mostly alternate, hairless, green to yellowish when young, becoming brown to reddish-brown the second year.
  • Landscape:
    Landscape Location:
    Riparian
    Slope/Bank
    Woodland
    Landscape Theme:
    Rain Garden
    Design Feature:
    Mass Planting
    Problems:
    Problem for Cats
    Problem for Dogs
    Problem for Horses