Split Leaf Philodendron Philodendron bipinnatifidum

Tree Philodendron is an upright evergreen shrub in the arum (Araceae) family that is native to South America. It can grow up to 10 feet tall and wide and becomes decumbent with age. In its native habitat they can reach 15 feet in height. This plant will climb with adventitious roots if given a support and send down aerial roots from the trunk to further support its large size.

The specific epithet, bipinnatifidum, references the pinnatifid leaves (lobes with sinuses that are halfway or more into the main leaf). Tree Philodendron is desired for its large, glossy, lobed green leaves on long petioles. It is used as an indoor shrub specimen and is often used in the atrium of businesses. This plant can easily become too large for smaller homes. Low light and over-watering will cause leaves to be smaller with fewer or no lobes. It rarely blooms as a houseplant.

Grow this plant in moist, well-drained soil high in organic matter. It prefers high light and moderate humidity but tolerates low-light conditions. Plants can be placed outdoors in summer and bought indoors when temperatures dip below 60 degrees F. It does not tolerate salt build up so flush soil regularly, allow it to get rained on or use distilled water for irrigation. It can produce aerial roots that absorb water and nutrients.  

Quick ID Hints:

• Leaves are GIGANTIC, glossy, and heart-shaped
• Leaves are deeply lobed and have long petioles
• Stem is short and stipules are large
• Stem bears distinctive leaf scars surrounded by stiff scales

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  Relatively pest and disease-free.  Aphids, mealybugs, scales, and spider mites are occasional problems. Root rot can occur in overly damp soil though they do not tolerate drought and full sun can cause leaf scorch.

More information on Philodendron.