Nephrolepis exaltata

Boston fern is a terrestrial or epiphytic, herbaceous perennial fern in the polypody family (Polypodiaceae). It is native to tropical and subtropical America and commonly grown as a houseplant in North Carolina and other USDA zones cooler than 10a. The species epithet is Latin for "very tall."

Plant in bright, indirect light and warmth (60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit). This fern needs high humidity and moist soil that should never be allowed to dry out. Place near kitchens and bathrooms for higher humidity or set on a tray of wet pebbles. In the winter, reduce watering as the plant is dormant and overwatering can lead to root rot. This plant removes indoor air pollutants well and is resistant to deer and heavy shade in the landscape. It grows to 2 to 3 feet in height and width.

Boston fern produces spores on the underside of the leaves. These are dark brown to black dots that appear in a pattern. Do not mistake these for insects or disease damage.  

Both indoors and outdoors Boston fern shows its form well in a hanging basket or container. In the landscape place it near a pool or hardscape, in a small space, or as an accent in a shade garden.

Quick ID Hints:

• Fronds pinnately compound, lanceolate shaped, gradually tapering upward.
• Pinnae basally auricled and asymmetrical.
• Sori round, located over a vein.

Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems:  

Scales or spider mites can be a problem if the air around the plant is too dry. This plant shows invasive tenancies in warm climates. Watch for Florida Fern Caterpillar.

VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants" a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.