Juniperus monosperma

One-seed Juniper is a needled evergreen large shrub or tree native to the southwestern United States and Mexico where it is often found in dry, rocky, or sandy soils. It typically grows to 20 feet, but has been known to reach a height of 40 feet, although it may take more than 20 years to reach that height. The fragrant foliage is dark green, fine to the touch, and grows densely on the tree. Unlike most conifers, it does have orange flowers, but they are inconspicuous and, on female plants, quickly give way to blue-black fruits. The genus name identifies it as a juniper. The species name means single seed.

One-seed Juniper grows best in full sun and sandy, loamy, or clay soils that are well-drained. It will tolerate very alkaline soils, dry or moist soil, and drought. The fruit of the female plants has a thin flesh, matures in a single season, with one or occasionally two seeds. Hence the species name.

The plant is relatively fast growing for a Juniper, and is long-lived in its native habitat, preferring dry areas with hot summers. It can have a gnarled, multi-trunked appearance with large branches rising from below ground level.

This plant is useful for wood for fence posts and fuel. At one time, native Americans made mats and cloth from the fibrous bark. Birds and mammals consume the juicy "berries", and goats browse the foliage.

Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. See the "Pests of Conifers" fact sheet to the left.

The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common juniper diseases and insect pests.