Stemless Gentian Gentiana acaulis

Gentiana acaulis, Gentian, is an alpine perennial native to central and southern Europe and can be found in Alpine grasslands, rocky meadows, and subalpine forests at altitudes from 2,500 feet to 9,700 feet. They have been located in the mountain ranges of the Alps, Pyrenees, and Carpathians. It is usually found in acid soils, though sometimes also found on chalky limestone or sandstone. Gentian have showy, dark blue flowers that bloom late spring to early summer. Gentian has been known to be shy to flower. The flowers are stemless and appear to sit on top of a carpet of leaves. This evergreen ground cover measures about 4 inches tall and 8 inches wide.

While easily grown in moist, gritty-gravelly, well-drained soils, Gentian prefer cool summer temperatures and do not perform well in USDA Hardiness Zones greater than 7. It is difficult to grow in areas with hot summers and in such a region they appreciate some protection from the strongest sunlight. The plant likes full sun but benefits from afternoon shade to prevent leaf bleaching. They are propagated by root ball division and seeds. The seeds are best sown in the fall while they are fresh. In mid summer, rosettes of the leaves can be removed and potted.

The genus, Gentiana, was named for the King of Illyria, King Gentius. He reigned from 180-168 BC. Illyria is now known as the western Balkans. He reportedly studied the use of yellow gentian or bitter wort to make tonics. The species name, acaulis, means stemless. Gentian is primarily an ornamental plant with winter interest. Gardeners might enjoy this alpine native in a patio container, ground cover, rock garden, or cottage garden. The challenge will be to find a place that this plant might be happy and that is similar to its native habitat.

Diseases, Pests, and Other Plant Problems:

The plant can not tolerate hot or humid conditions. It does not have any serious issues with pests or diseases.