Ferocactus

The genus, Ferocactus, commonly known as the barrel cactus, is native to the Southwestern and South Central United States and Mexico and has 30 accepted species. These plants grow naturally in the desert in rocky, sandy soils, and where there is plenty of sunshine. Its genus name originates from the Latin word, ferox, meaning "fierce" and the Greek word, kaktos, meaning "thistle." The barrel cactus is a member of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It has stout, and tubular shape stems and looks like a spiked ribbed barrel.

These plants prefer full sun, but in scorching climates, afternoon shade is recommended. They need a well-drained potting mix such as a cactus or succulent mix. These plants prefer a dry environment and over-watering should be avoided. Water the plant well and ensure good drainage. Let the soil mix dry out completely between waterings. Water the plant even less during the dormant seasons of fall and winter. Terracotta pots are recommended because they are porous and remove excess moisture. Fertilize these plants only during the growing season and use only a product designed for cacti or succulents. These plants are winter hardy in the USDA Hardiness Zones 9 to 11. These plant may be propagated by seeds.

The barrel cactus has a thick, cylinder-like stem, has well-defined ribs, and is covered with sharp, curved spines that may be yellow, red, brown, or gray. The flowers appear in late spring to early summer and are shades of yellow, orange, or red. The flowers bloom in a crown-like formation on the top of the cactus. After flowering, the cactus produces small, spiny fruits that are enjoyed by desert birds and small mammals.

The barrel cactus is often used as an ornamental in desert landscapes, rock gardens, or as a container plant. 

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  The Barrel Cactus is usually pest and disease-resistant. Occasionally mealybugs, spider mites, fungus gnats or scale insects may be seen. Overwatering or poor drainage can cause rot root or brown or mushy areas on the stems. Inadequate sunlight or lack of nutrients can cause the plant not to flower. Wear protective gloves when handling or working around this plant due to its sharp spines.