Euphorbia pulcherrima

Poinsettias are a deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub in the Euphorbiaceae (spurge) family, hence the presence of milky sap in the stems and leaves.  A well-known Christmas ornamental, the Poinsettia is a deciduous shrub with large, alternate leaves that may or may not have teeth on the margin. The cup-shaped yellow "flowers" bloom during the Christmas season and cluster above showy red, pink, or cream leafy bracts. A large yellow gland on the rim of the "flower" adds to its decorative appeal.

The plant was brought to the United States from it's native habitat in Mexico in the early 1800's by Joel Poinsette, who was ambassador to Mexico at the time. Today, the plant is typically grown as a potted plant and holds the largest share of potted plant sales during the Christmas season. In its native habitat, the plant can grow to 10 feet high; however, as a potted houseplant, it rarely exceeds 2 to 3 feet. When grown in pots, avoid wet feet and water the poinsettia only when the soil is dry. 

To propagate poinsettias use stem cuttings in early summer with rooting hormones and potting mix that has peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. Poinsettia plants are not poisonous and studies have shown that a significant amount of the plant would have to be ingested before registering a mild stomach ache. However, while not poisonous, the white sap can cause reactions in people who have latex allergies.

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  Mealybugs, red spider mites, scale, and whiteflies.  Overwatering can cause root and stem rot.  

VIDEO Created by Homegrown featuring Ingram McCall, Research Specialist at NC State University