Large Buttonweed Diodia virginiana
Other Common Name(s):
Previously known as:
- Diodia hirsuta Pursh
- Diodia tetragona Walt.
- Phonetic Spelling
- dy-OH-dee-uh vir-jin-ee-AN-uh
- Description
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Diodia virginiana, or Virginia Buttonweed, is a native branching, sprawling plant with small white star-shaped flowers in the leaf axis. It can be found in swamps, wet meadows, marshes, coastal prairies, and in the mud along streams and ponds. It is considered a perennial weed by many and can show up as a weed in lawns and other disturbed areas of the south. However, it is listed as rare farther north in New Jersey and Indiana. It is enjoyed by bees. The tiny white flowers bloom in summer and fall.
There are 8 species of Virginia Buttonweed found in the United States, although only four of these are found in the continental United States. The other 4 species are found in the U.S. Territories of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Two species found on the mainland are native to the United States - Diodia teres (common names Rough Buttonweed and Poor Joe,) and Virginia Buttonweed, Diodia virginiana. Virginia Buttomweed resembles Diodia teres, but Virginia Buttonweed is more upright-growing, hairier, and has narrower leaves. Virginia buttonweed is native to the eastern U.S., reaching the northern edge of its range just south of New England. It has thick roots by which it can spread vegetatively.
Diseases, Insects, and Other Plant Problems:
Leaves may be mottled yellow by a virus. Not recommended for the home landscape. Can be hard to eradicate because of underground parts that remain behind when you pull up the plant.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- Tags:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Diodia
- Species:
- virginiana
- Family:
- Rubiaceae
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Seed
- Stem Cutting
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- Central and Eastern United States to North East Mexico and Cuba
- Distribution:
- AL, AR, CT, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NJ, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV
- Wildlife Value:
- Preferred host plant for some beetle species. Submerged portions provide habitats for many micro and macro invertebrates that are used as food by fish and other wildlife species (e.g. amphibians, reptiles, ducks, etc.). As dead aquatic plants decompose, it provides food (called “detritus”) for many aquatic invertebrates.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 6 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Native Plant
- Perennial
- Weed
- Wildflower
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Semi-evergreen
- Habit/Form:
- Clumping
- Horizontal
- Spreading
- Growth Rate:
- Medium
- Maintenance:
- High
- Texture:
- Medium
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Soil Texture:
- Clay
- High Organic Matter
- Loam (Silt)
- Soil Drainage:
- Occasionally Wet
- Available Space To Plant:
- Less than 12 inches
- NC Region:
- Coastal
- Mountains
- Piedmont
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
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Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Green
- Display/Harvest Time:
- Fall
- Fruit Type:
- Capsule
- Fruit Length:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Width:
- < 1 inch
- Fruit Description:
- The hairy, green fruit is an oval to an elliptic, leathery capsule containing two seeds.
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- Purple/Lavender
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Head
- Flower Value To Gardener:
- Long Bloom Season
- Showy
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Fall
- Summer
- Flower Shape:
- Funnel
- Flower Petals:
- 4-5 petals/rays
- Flower Size:
- < 1 inch
- Flower Description:
- Half inch white or pale purple, funnel-shaped flowers with short hairs. Blooms June to December. Distinctive, four-parted white flowers borne in the leaf axils along floppy, squarish stems.
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Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Semi-evergreen
- Leaf Color:
- Green
- Leaf Feel:
- Fleshy
- Deciduous Leaf Fall Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Opposite
- Leaf Shape:
- Lanceolate
- Oblong
- Leaf Margin:
- Entire
- Hairs Present:
- Yes
- Leaf Length:
- 1-3 inches
- Leaf Width:
- < 1 inch
- Leaf Description:
- Narrow, stiff leaves with bristles at the base that are up to 3.5 inches long. Leaves are joined across the stem by a hairy tissue, and they sometimes are mottled yellow due to a virus.
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Stem:
- Stem Color:
- Green
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
- Stem Cross Section:
- Square
- Stem Form:
- Straight
- Stem Leaf Scar Shape:
- Round
- Stem Surface:
- Hairy (pubescent)
- Stem Description:
- Stems are longitudinally ridged with hairs. Splitting branches up to 2 feet long. along the ridges.
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Landscape:
- Landscape Theme:
- Native Garden
- Pollinator Garden
- Attracts:
- Bees
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Wet Soil
- Problems:
- Weedy