NC State Extension
North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox

Plant DetailShow Menu

Cleyera japonica is often confused with:
Camellia japonica
Ternstroemia gymnanthera
Plants that fill a similar niche:
Camellia sasanqua
Ilex cornuta
Ilex 'Nellie R. Stevens'

Sakaki Cleyera japonica

Other Common Name(s):

Phonetic Spelling
klay-YER-uh juh-PON-ih-kuh
Description

Japanese cleyera is a broadleaf evergreen, flowering shrub or small tree native to Asia in the pentaphylax family (Pentaphylacaceae ). Genus name honors Andreas Cleyer a German physician and botanist. The specific epithet indicates the shrub is native to Japan.

It will grow 10 to 15 feet tall and 8 to 10 feet wide in fertiler, well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade.  In hot southern summers, it appreciates afternoon shade, and it can tolerate almost full shade. Once established, they are quite drought-tolerant, but be sure to plant in an area with some protection from strong winds. 

The plant has fragrant white flowers that open in early summer and are followed by small berries that mature to dark red. The attractive foliage starts out bronze and turns dark green with yellow-green undersides. t

Japanese cleyera is often grown in greenhouses for its handsome evergreen foliage, fragrant flowers, and long-lasting red fruits. Use as a hedge or foundation planting and in an Asia, winter or drought-tolerant garden.

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  No serious problems.  Leaf spot can be a minor issue.

See this plant in the following landscape :
Cultivars / Varieties:
  • 'Fortunei'
    Varigated leaves
'Fortunei'
Tags:
#privacy#foundation planting#showy flowers#low maintenance#black fruits#fragrant flowers#flowering shrub#leathery leaves#evergreen#fantz#winter interest#flowers late spring#evergreen shrub#wind damage prone#evergreen tree#drought tolerant#small tree#shrub border#bronze#screen#hedge
 
Cultivars / Varieties:
  • 'Fortunei'
    Varigated leaves
'Fortunei'
Tags:
#privacy#foundation planting#showy flowers#low maintenance#black fruits#fragrant flowers#flowering shrub#leathery leaves#evergreen#fantz#winter interest#flowers late spring#evergreen shrub#wind damage prone#evergreen tree#drought tolerant#small tree#shrub border#bronze#screen#hedge
  • Attributes:
    Genus:
    Cleyera
    Species:
    japonica
    Family:
    Pentaphylacaceae
    Uses (Ethnobotany):
    Considered sacred in the Shinto religion in Japan. Wood is used for making utensils (especially combs) and it is commonly planted in gardens, parks, and shrines.
    Life Cycle:
    Perennial
    Woody
    Country Or Region Of Origin:
    Himalaya to East Asia, northern Indo-China, Philippines
    Dimensions:
    Height: 10 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in.
    Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
  • Whole Plant Traits:
    Plant Type:
    Shrub
    Tree
    Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
    Broadleaf Evergreen
    Growth Rate:
    Rapid
    Maintenance:
    Low
    Texture:
    Fine
  • Cultural Conditions:
    Light:
    Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
    Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
    Soil Texture:
    High Organic Matter
    Soil Drainage:
    Good Drainage
    Available Space To Plant:
    6-feet-12 feet
    12-24 feet
    NC Region:
    Coastal
    Mountains
    Piedmont
    USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
    6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
  • Fruit:
    Fruit Color:
    Black
    Fruit Value To Gardener:
    Showy
    Display/Harvest Time:
    Summer
    Fruit Type:
    Berry
    Fruit Description:
    Pea-sized berry, red ripening to black.
  • Flowers:
    Flower Color:
    White
    Flower Inflorescence:
    Solitary
    Flower Value To Gardener:
    Fragrant
    Showy
    Flower Bloom Time:
    Spring
    Flower Shape:
    Bell
    Flower Petals:
    Colored Sepals
    Flower Size:
    < 1 inch
    Flower Description:
    White flowers appear solitary or in small clusters of 2 to 5 blooms from May to June. Flowers are 1/2" across, fragrant and bell-shaped and hang down. Flowers are borne singly or up to three together in each leaf-axil on the previous year’s wood, or on short spurs.
  • Leaves:
    Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
    Broadleaf Evergreen
    Leaf Color:
    Brown/Copper
    Green
    Leaf Feel:
    Leathery
    Smooth
    Leaf Value To Gardener:
    Showy
    Leaf Type:
    Simple
    Leaf Arrangement:
    Alternate
    Leaf Shape:
    Oblong
    Ovate
    Leaf Margin:
    Entire
    Hairs Present:
    No
    Leaf Length:
    3-6 inches
    Leaf Width:
    < 1 inch
    Leaf Description:
    Four inch long, leathery leaves are dark green above and yellow-green below and resemble camellias. New leaves are bronze in color turning green. Bluntly pointed at the apex, narrowly wedge-shaped at the base.
  • Bark:
    Bark Color:
    Dark Brown
    Surface/Attachment:
    Smooth
    Bark Description:
    The bark is dark reddish brown and smooth.
  • Stem:
    Stem Color:
    Gray/Silver
    Stem Is Aromatic:
    No
    Stem Description:
    Stems are thin, gray-to-silver twigs when young
  • Landscape:
    Landscape Theme:
    Asian Garden
    Drought Tolerant Garden
    Winter Garden
    Design Feature:
    Border
    Foundation Planting
    Hedge
    Screen/Privacy
    Small Tree
    Resistance To Challenges:
    Drought