Bitter Water Hickory Carya myristiciformis

Nutmeg hickory is a large, deciduous, slow-growing tree in the walnut family (Juglandaceae) that is the rarest of its species worldwide but may be found in small numbers in a range from the mountains of northeastern Mexico to the coastal plain of North Carolina. It can be found on the banks of rivers and swamps, occasionally on higher ground, and often on limestone. The Genus name comes from the Greek word karya used for walnut trees.  The specific epithet refers to its seeds, which are similar to nutmeg seeds.

At maturity, it will reach close to 100 feet high, but in its first 20 years of growth, it may only reach 30 feet high. This plant prefers full sun and moist rich sandy or clay soils and is drought tolerant, but will not grow in the shade. Nutmeg hickory has a large tap root that can reach 4 feet or more into the ground and should be planted in its permanent location.

The nutmeg hickory leaf initially has an underside covered with silvery-golden scales that turn bronze as the leaves mature. The bark is scaly and reddish brown with a diamond-shaped pattern of ridges. Fall color is yellow. The edible nut is produced in the fall and loved by squirrels.

The tree may be difficult to find but the nuts are available to to buy and plant. Use this tree as a shade tree, in naturalized areas and to benefit wildlife. Fruit and leaf drop can be messy.

Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Watch for forest tent caterpillar, walnut caterpillar, and walkingsticks.