Vase Plant Aechmea

Aechmea is a genus of over 250 species of tropical, rosette-forming, herbaceous perennials from the American tropics. They are members of the pineapple family (Bromeliaceae). Most are epiphytes, although these are sometimes cultivated in beds and borders on the soil surface and rooted in mulch. They are prized for their striking foliage and long-lasting flower spikes. The genus name is from the Greek aichme (a spear), likely referencing the inflorescences.

These bromeliads are usually very easy to grow in bright sun or dappled shade (depending on the species). Most species are tank-forming epiphytes, meaning that they grow attached to tree limbs and trunk and collect water in the vase formed by their leaves. As houseplants, they are tolerant of dry air and occasionally dry roots as long as the central tank is kept full of water. Water and liquid fertilizer (diluted to half-strength) should be applied to the central tank, allowing any overflow to trickle down into the root ball. The potting mix should be well-drained. A special, bark-based orchid mix is good, or a light, well-drained houseplant mix will work. Do not allow the root ball to remain in soggy soil. After the plant flowers, it will produce offsets at its base. They can be separated from the mother plant when they are about one-third of the mother’s size. After the flowering plant produces offsets, it will die. Propagation is by division of the rhizome, as described, or by seeds. 

If you would like to try to force the plant to flower, place an apple (whole or halved) near the plant and cover with a plastic bag for a few weeks. Keep the bagged plant out of direct sunlight. The ethylene released from the apple should induce flowering.

Aechmeas make excellent houseplants as long as bright light and warmth are provided in winter. In the summer, these plants can be placed outside on patios or in the shade of trees. Check the water tanks for snails and frogs before bringing the plants in when the weather gets cool. 

Quick ID Hints:

• Leaves are purple or green and usually banded
• Leaves are usually toothed
• Inflorescence is scapose and pyramidal

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Problems that occur with most houseplants like mealybug, scale, crown rot and leaf spot. The tanks of outdoor plants can become breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Regular applications of granular Bti-based larvicides are safe for plants, pets and wildlife. (Bti = Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis)