White Alder Clethra barbinervis
Other Common Name(s):
- Phonetic Spelling
- KLETH-rah bar-BIN-ner-viss
- Description
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Japanese clethra is a dense, deciduous, oval-shaped flowering shrub maturing to 9 feet high by 9 feet wide, although specimens do reach heights of 20 feet. In its native Japan, it is typically found in wooded hills and mountains, in sunny deciduous forests on mountains, or in stony and dry places at elevations of 3200 to 5000 feet.This plant prefers partial shade as well as moist, lime free, organically rich, acidic, and well-drained soil. It will tolerate a sunny site and is generally hardy, although it can suffer from harsh winter winds in Zone 5 where it may not be reliably winter hardy throughout. Summer cuttings can be easily rooted and it will spread through suckering to form colonies.
Japanese Clethra produces dropping, fragrant white flowers on the current season's growth in summer into early fall and glossy, dark green leaves which turn bright yellow (sometimes red) in autumn for good fall color. Dark brown seed capsules persist into winter and the polished, grayish-brown bark exfoliates. Flower spikes are more horizontal and drooping and less fragrant than those of Clethra alnifolia (Summersweet). Japanese Clethra is trouble-free shrub useful in small grouping in conspicuous locations where its summer bloom, good fall color, bark and seed spikes) can be viewed.
The genus Clethra comes from the Greek klethra for alder, which this plant's leaves resemble. The species barbinervis means with veins barbed or bearded.Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems:
No known diseases or insect pests. Spider mites can be a problem in hot, dry sites. Spring growth can be damaged by a late frost and may need protection.
- See this plant in the following landscape:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
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- 'Dwarf'
- 'Takeda Nishiki'
Variegated leaves of pink, green and white in spring; also known as 'First Snow'.
- 'Dwarf'
- 'Dwarf', 'Takeda Nishiki'
- Tags:
- Cultivars / Varieties:
-
- 'Dwarf'
- 'Takeda Nishiki'
Variegated leaves of pink, green and white in spring; also known as 'First Snow'.
- 'Dwarf'
- 'Dwarf', 'Takeda Nishiki'
- Tags:
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Attributes:
- Genus:
- Clethra
- Species:
- barbinervis
- Family:
- Clethraceae
- Life Cycle:
- Woody
- Recommended Propagation Strategy:
- Seed
- Stem Cutting
- Country Or Region Of Origin:
- East Asia, China to Japan
- Wildlife Value:
- Flowers are very attractive to butterflies and bees.
- Dimensions:
- Height: 10 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
- Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in.
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Whole Plant Traits:
- Plant Type:
- Shrub
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Deciduous
- Habit/Form:
- Dense
- Erect
- Oval
- Rounded
- Growth Rate:
- Rapid
- Maintenance:
- Medium
- Texture:
- Medium
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Cultural Conditions:
- Light:
- Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
- Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
- Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
- Soil Texture:
- High Organic Matter
- Loam (Silt)
- Soil pH:
- Acid (<6.0)
- Neutral (6.0-8.0)
- Soil Drainage:
- Good Drainage
- Moist
- NC Region:
- Coastal
- Mountains
- Piedmont
- USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
- 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
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Fruit:
- Fruit Color:
- Brown/Copper
- Display/Harvest Time:
- Fall
- Fruit Type:
- Capsule
- Fruit Description:
- Flowers give way to dark brown seed capsules which persist into winter.
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Flowers:
- Flower Color:
- White
- Flower Inflorescence:
- Raceme
- Flower Value To Gardener:
- Fragrant
- Showy
- Flower Bloom Time:
- Fall
- Summer
- Flower Size:
- 1-3 inches
- Flower Description:
- Flowers from July into late August. Horizontally drooping, terminal racemes (4 to 6 inches long) hold numerous, pleasantly fragrant flowers.
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Leaves:
- Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics:
- Deciduous
- Leaf Color:
- Gold/Yellow
- Green
- Leaf Feel:
- Glossy
- Leaf Value To Gardener:
- Showy
- Deciduous Leaf Fall Color:
- Brown/Copper
- Red/Burgundy
- Leaf Type:
- Simple
- Leaf Arrangement:
- Alternate
- Leaf Shape:
- Ovate
- Leaf Margin:
- Serrate
- Hairs Present:
- No
- Leaf Length:
- 3-6 inches
- Leaf Description:
- This plant has simple, sharply serrated, lustrous, and dark green leaves which are 2 to 5 inches long and tend to be clustered at ends of branches. The leaves are bronze-red to maroon in the fall.
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Bark:
- Bark Color:
- Dark Brown
- Light Brown
- Red/Burgundy
- Surface/Attachment:
- Peeling
- Smooth
- Bark Description:
- Smooth, polished brown to cinnamon bark that exfoliates.
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Stem:
- Stem Is Aromatic:
- No
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Landscape:
- Landscape Location:
- Woodland
- Landscape Theme:
- Butterfly Garden
- Pollinator Garden
- Shade Garden
- Winter Garden
- Design Feature:
- Barrier
- Flowering Tree
- Hedge
- Screen/Privacy
- Attracts:
- Bees
- Butterflies
- Resistance To Challenges:
- Salt