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Elephant's-Ear Alocasia

Other Common Name(s):

Other plants called Elephant's-Ear:

Previously known as:

  • Panzhuyuia
Phonetic Spelling
ah-loh-KAY-see-ah
This plant has medium severity poison characteristics.
See below
Description

Alocasia is a genus of 80 species of tuberous, herbaceous perennials in the Arum family (Araceae) from the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and eastern Australia where rainfall is plentiful. Here it is grown as an ornamental indoor houseplant, or it may be grown outdoors during warmer months in a container or as a border plant. The plants of this genus have colorful, large, heart-shaped or arrow-shaped leaves that resemble elephant ears and measure 12 to 36 inches long. The leaf color, size, and shape vary depending on the species or cultivar. The leaves frequently have distinctive veining. The inflorescence is a creamy white, unbranched spadix of tiny flowers surrounded by a leaflike, hooded spathe. The size of the plants will also vary. In tropical areas the plant can reach up to 10 feet tall; whereas, an indoor houseplant will be much smaller.

Elephant's Ear grows best where annual daytime temperatures range from 68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit. The plant prefers a shaded site with slightly acidic, moist, well-drained, humus-rich, fertile loam, though it does tolerate a wide range of soil types. Corms may be started indoors in pots or containers and set outside after the last frost date. Water and fertilize regularly. Plants can typically take up to 600 days to mature. Before the first fall frost, dig up the pots and bring them inside where they can be overwintered. Reduce watering in winter and return to the garden in spring. The tubers can also be removed from the soil and stored in a cool, dry location during the winter. The plants can be propagated by division of offsets.

Many species of this plant are thermogenic, meaning that the spadix heats up when the flowers are open. This heat increases the aroma released by the plant, attracting more pollinating insects and keeping them active.

There are many ways to display these plants. Small plants are often found as indoor houseplants. Larger specimens could be displayed as a floor plant in an office or lobby. If temperatures and moisture levels permit, the plant could be used as a summer ornamental on a patio or shady border. However, if grown in a pot, the plant will typically not reach its full height. Use this plant with caution around small children and pets.

Diseases, Pests, and Other Plant Problems:  Alocasia are prone to spider mites. Monitor for aphids and mealybugs. Root rot and leaf spots can occur from overwatering. Yellowing leaves can occur from overwatering, too little water, or inadequate light. The plant is susceptible to high winds, and if sited outdoors, should be in a protected area. Some Alocasia species are considered invasive in the United States, particularly along the Gulf Coast.

See this plant in the following landscape:
Cultivars / Varieties:
  • Alocasia baginda 'Dragon Scale'
    rare variety, compact habit, thick, textured, arrow-shaped, silvery-green leaves with dark green leaf veins
  • Alocasia 'Calidora' Alocasia x 'Calidora'
    5 to 9 ft tall or more with large, glossy, green heart-shaped leaves, and prominent veins
  • Alocasia clypeolata 'Green Shield'
    glossy, waxy green leaves with dark green veins
  • Alocasia cuprea 'Red Secret'
    leaves are deeply ridged, initially coppery green, and mature to metallic red with black veins, maroon undersides
  • Alocasia 'Low Rider'
    dwarf of Alocasia 'Portora,' up to 2 feet tall, glossy, heart-shaped, green leaves, wavy margins, cold hardy zone 7b
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Borneo Giant'
    Up to 15 feet tall, upright, clumping habit, large, bright green, rippled leaves that measure 3 feet long and 4 feet wide
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos (Giant Taro)
    large, glossy, arrow-shaped, ruffled green leaves that measure 3 to 6 feet in length and 2 to 4 feet wide
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Metallica'
    up to 8 feet tall, large, glossy, heart-shaped, silvery-green leaves with purple veins
  • Alocasia micholitziana 'Frydek'
    narrow, arrow-shaped, velvet-like, dark green leaves with bright white veins, undersides are burgundy
  • Alocasia 'Portora' (A. portei x A. odora)
    large, arrow-shaped, ruffled, ribbed green leaves with purple stems
  • Alocasia reginula (Black Velvet Elephant Ear)
    up to 1.5 feet tall at maturity, thick, texture, dark green to black leaves with silver veins
  • Alocasia sanderiana (Kris Plant)
    up to 2 feet in length, glossy, dark green leaves with white or silvery veins, wavy or serrated edges, resembles a kris dagger
  • Alocasia sarawakensis 'Yucatan Princess'
    mutation, matures 4 to 8 feet tall, glossy, grayish-green leaves with maroon to dark brown undersides and stems
  • Alocasia 'Sarian' (A. zebrina x A. micholitziana)
    5 to 10 feet tall, dark green, arrow-shaped leaves with bright white main veins, wavy margins
  • Alocasia x mortfontanensis (A. longiloba x A. sanderi) Dark metallic green leaves with white veins.
    large, smooth, thick arrow-shaped medium to dark green leaves with lime-white veins, wavy margins
  • Alocasia zebrina (Zebra Alocasia)
    matures up to 3 feet tall and wide, large, dark green, arrow-shaped leaves with white and green striped stems
Alocasia baginda 'Dragon Scale', Alocasia 'Calidora', Alocasia clypeolata 'Green Shield', Alocasia cuprea 'Red Secret', Alocasia 'Low Rider', Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Borneo Giant', Alocasia macrorrhizos (Giant Taro), Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Metallica', Alocasia micholitziana 'Frydek', Alocasia 'Portora' (A. portei x A. odora), Alocasia reginula (Black Velvet Elephant Ear), Alocasia sanderiana (Kris Plant), Alocasia sarawakensis 'Yucatan Princess', Alocasia 'Sarian' (A. zebrina x A. micholitziana), Alocasia x mortfontanensis (A. longiloba x A. sanderi), Alocasia zebrina (Zebra Alocasia)
Tags:
#poisonous#houseplant#interiorscape#interesting leaves#summer flowers#deer resistant#spadix#spathe#herbaceous perennial#variegated#acidic soils tolerant#problem for cats#problem for dogs#problem for children#problem for horses#tropical feel#contact dermatitis#poisonous if ingested#perennial
 
Cultivars / Varieties:
  • Alocasia baginda 'Dragon Scale'
    rare variety, compact habit, thick, textured, arrow-shaped, silvery-green leaves with dark green leaf veins
  • Alocasia 'Calidora' Alocasia x 'Calidora'
    5 to 9 ft tall or more with large, glossy, green heart-shaped leaves, and prominent veins
  • Alocasia clypeolata 'Green Shield'
    glossy, waxy green leaves with dark green veins
  • Alocasia cuprea 'Red Secret'
    leaves are deeply ridged, initially coppery green, and mature to metallic red with black veins, maroon undersides
  • Alocasia 'Low Rider'
    dwarf of Alocasia 'Portora,' up to 2 feet tall, glossy, heart-shaped, green leaves, wavy margins, cold hardy zone 7b
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Borneo Giant'
    Up to 15 feet tall, upright, clumping habit, large, bright green, rippled leaves that measure 3 feet long and 4 feet wide
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos (Giant Taro)
    large, glossy, arrow-shaped, ruffled green leaves that measure 3 to 6 feet in length and 2 to 4 feet wide
  • Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Metallica'
    up to 8 feet tall, large, glossy, heart-shaped, silvery-green leaves with purple veins
  • Alocasia micholitziana 'Frydek'
    narrow, arrow-shaped, velvet-like, dark green leaves with bright white veins, undersides are burgundy
  • Alocasia 'Portora' (A. portei x A. odora)
    large, arrow-shaped, ruffled, ribbed green leaves with purple stems
  • Alocasia reginula (Black Velvet Elephant Ear)
    up to 1.5 feet tall at maturity, thick, texture, dark green to black leaves with silver veins
  • Alocasia sanderiana (Kris Plant)
    up to 2 feet in length, glossy, dark green leaves with white or silvery veins, wavy or serrated edges, resembles a kris dagger
  • Alocasia sarawakensis 'Yucatan Princess'
    mutation, matures 4 to 8 feet tall, glossy, grayish-green leaves with maroon to dark brown undersides and stems
  • Alocasia 'Sarian' (A. zebrina x A. micholitziana)
    5 to 10 feet tall, dark green, arrow-shaped leaves with bright white main veins, wavy margins
  • Alocasia x mortfontanensis (A. longiloba x A. sanderi) Dark metallic green leaves with white veins.
    large, smooth, thick arrow-shaped medium to dark green leaves with lime-white veins, wavy margins
  • Alocasia zebrina (Zebra Alocasia)
    matures up to 3 feet tall and wide, large, dark green, arrow-shaped leaves with white and green striped stems
Alocasia baginda 'Dragon Scale', Alocasia 'Calidora', Alocasia clypeolata 'Green Shield', Alocasia cuprea 'Red Secret', Alocasia 'Low Rider', Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Borneo Giant', Alocasia macrorrhizos (Giant Taro), Alocasia macrorrhizos 'Metallica', Alocasia micholitziana 'Frydek', Alocasia 'Portora' (A. portei x A. odora), Alocasia reginula (Black Velvet Elephant Ear), Alocasia sanderiana (Kris Plant), Alocasia sarawakensis 'Yucatan Princess', Alocasia 'Sarian' (A. zebrina x A. micholitziana), Alocasia x mortfontanensis (A. longiloba x A. sanderi), Alocasia zebrina (Zebra Alocasia)
Tags:
#poisonous#houseplant#interiorscape#interesting leaves#summer flowers#deer resistant#spadix#spathe#herbaceous perennial#variegated#acidic soils tolerant#problem for cats#problem for dogs#problem for children#problem for horses#tropical feel#contact dermatitis#poisonous if ingested#perennial
  • Attributes:
    Genus:
    Alocasia
    Family:
    Araceae
    Life Cycle:
    Perennial
    Recommended Propagation Strategy:
    Division
    Country Or Region Of Origin:
    Tropical and Subtropical Asia To Eastern Australia
    Distribution:
    Native: Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, East Himalaya, India, Japan, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, New South Wales, Philippines, Queensland, Sri Lanka, Taiwan Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya. Introduced: Brazil, Costa Rica Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Sudan, Tibet, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, and the United States--Hawaii.
    Fire Risk Rating:
    low flammability
    Play Value:
    Colorful
    Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems):
    Deer resistance
    Bulb Storage:
    Store in a dry and cool location.
    Edibility:
    The corm and stem can be eaten but must be thoroughly cooked to destroy the calcium oxalate crystals. Once cooked, it can be used as a cooked vegetable added to soups and stews.
    Dimensions:
    Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
    Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
  • Whole Plant Traits:
    Plant Type:
    Herbaceous Perennial
    Houseplant
    Poisonous
    Habit/Form:
    Erect
    Growth Rate:
    Rapid
    Maintenance:
    Low
  • Cultural Conditions:
    Light:
    Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
    Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
    Soil Texture:
    Clay
    Loam (Silt)
    Sand
    Soil pH:
    Acid (<6.0)
    Neutral (6.0-8.0)
    Soil Drainage:
    Good Drainage
    Moist
    Available Space To Plant:
    6-feet-12 feet
    USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
    10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
  • Flowers:
    Flower Color:
    Cream/Tan
    Green
    White
    Flower Inflorescence:
    Spadix
    Flower Bloom Time:
    Spring
    Summer
    Flower Description:
    Flowers are seldom seen. However, they are small, clustered on a creamy white spadix, and surrounded by a modified greenish leaf or spathe.
  • Leaves:
    Leaf Color:
    Brown/Copper
    Gray/Silver
    Green
    Red/Burgundy
    Variegated
    Leaf Value To Gardener:
    Showy
    Leaf Type:
    Simple
    Leaf Shape:
    Cordate
    Leaf Margin:
    Undulate
    Hairs Present:
    No
    Leaf Length:
    > 6 inches
    Leaf Description:
    The leaves are heart to arrowhead-shaped (12 to 36 inches long), each held singly atop long and sturdy succulent stems. Leaves are prominently veined and sometimes variegated.
  • Stem:
    Stem Is Aromatic:
    No
  • Landscape:
    Landscape Location:
    Container
    Hanging Baskets
    Houseplants
    Landscape Theme:
    Rain Garden
    Design Feature:
    Accent
    Border
    Problems:
    Contact Dermatitis
    Poisonous to Humans
    Problem for Cats
    Problem for Children
    Problem for Dogs
    Problem for Horses
  • Poisonous to Humans:
    Poison Severity:
    Medium
    Poison Symptoms:
    Poisonous by ingestion, dermatitis, and eye injury. Symptoms may include painful irritation of lips, mouth, tongue, and throat after chewing; difficulty of speaking; nausea and diarrhea, vomiting, delirium, and death. People with a tendency to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones, and hyperacidity should be especially cautious.
    Poison Toxic Principle:
    Calcium oxalate crystals
    Causes Contact Dermatitis:
    Yes
    Poison Part:
    Bark
    Flowers
    Fruits
    Leaves
    Roots
    Seeds
    Stems